A quote from the article:

Had the astronauts had time to get their gear on and get their suits pressurized, they might have lived longer and been able to take more actions. But they still wouldn't have survived, the report notes.

So we'd make changes that would prolong the time between a problem occurring and them finally dying?

I realize that this time might allow them to live, but maybe making some sort ejection capsule that might allow them to live would be more reasonable. Either that or we simply accept that we can make best efforts to get them back alive, but that space travel is inherently dangerous and they could die.

At least the first, and perhaps a few more after that, shuttle flight had Columbia equipped with ejection seats. These were removed due to weight limitations, and the extreme difficulty of engineering the safe ejection of the lower deck astronauts.

The shuttle was the first, and will probably be the last, spacecraft NASA has operated which has so many abort modes that lead to catastrophic failure. This has always been the Achilles heel of the system. It took Columbia to really slap the agency around and make them understand that, at the end of the day, the shuttle is simply not safe enough, and nothing can be done to make it so.

Which is not to say the shuttle is a bad spacecraft. It will most likely be the largest manned launch system operated by anyone for at least a generation, maybe ever. They built a working DC-9 with just 10% of their weight allowance, fer f's sake.